Morgenthau, Henry, Jr.

Morgenthau, Henry, Jr.
(1891–1967)
   As secretary of the Treasury, Morgenthau was the highest-ranking Jew in the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt. During his tenure as Treasury secretary, Morgenthau had considerable influence with the president and, as the conditions of the Jews in Europe deteriorated under the Nazis, Morgenthau used his position to initiate rescue efforts on their behalf. The creation of the War Refugee Board (WRB) in January 1944 was Morgenthau’s most important achievement in his effort to save the remaining Jews of Europe. As the Nazi onslaught against the Jews intensified in 1942, Morgenthau concluded that the State Department was to blame in thwarting the efforts of those Jews who were legally entitled to enter the country under the immigration laws. By 1943, Morgenthau was deeply concerned about the impending fate of European Jewry as the massacres of Jews and the news of gas chambers reached the shores of America.
   In January 1944, Morgenthau’s assistant, Josiah DuBois Jr., a nonJew, handed him his “Report to the Secretary on the Acquiescence of This Government in the Murder of the Jews,” which documented the State Department’s “willful failure to act.” Morgenthau tempered the title of the report and it was changed to “A Personal Report to the President” before delivering it to Roosevelt on 16 January 1944. Along with two other Jewish advisors to the president, Benjamin V. Cohen and Samuel Rosenman, Morgenthau met with President Roosevelt. In the aftermath of the meeting, the president established the War Refugee Board. The creation of WRB came too late to save the lives of millions of Jews, but it did manage to rescue approximately 200,000 Jews from deportation to the death camps. In 1945, Morgenthau promoted the so-called Morgenthau Plan, which called for the “pastoralization” of the former Third Reich, because he feared the rebirth of an industrialized Germany could bring about World War III. Roosevelt’s successor, President Harry S. Truman, dismissed the plan as impractical.

Historical dictionary of the Holocaust. . 2014.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. — (1891 1967)    Henry Morgenthau was born into a wealthy Jewish family in New York City and educated at Phillips Exeter Academy, Sachs Collegiate Institute, and Cornell University, but he left the university after three years in 1913 without… …   Historical Dictionary of the Roosevelt–Truman Era

  • Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. — born May 11, 1891, New York, N.Y., U.S. died Feb. 6, 1967, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. U.S. public official. He was editor of American Agriculturist (1922–33) and a close friend of Franklin D. Roosevelt. As secretary of the treasury in Roosevelt s cabinet …   Universalium

  • Morgenthau, Henry — 1891–1967    Morgenthau was President ROOSEVELT’s Secretary of the Treasury from 1934 until the end of the war. During the war his one overriding task was to finance a mammoth war economy and war production without prompting correspondingly great …   Who’s Who in World War Two

  • Morgenthau, Henry Jr. — (1891 1967)    American agriculturalist and politician, son of Henry Morgenthau. He was born in New York. He became chairman of the Agricultural Advisory Commission in 1928, and in 1934 was appointed secretary to the Treasury. He was active in a… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

  • Morgenthau, Henry — (1856 1946)    American financier and diplomat. He was born in Mannheim, Germany, and settled in the US in 1865. Initially he practised law, but then became active in real estate and banking. From 1913 to 1916 he was US ambassador to Turkey.… …   Dictionary of Jewish Biography

  • Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. — (11 may. 1891, Nueva York, N.Y. EE.UU.–6 feb. 1967, Poughkeepsie, N.Y.). Funcionario público estadounidense. Fue director del American Agriculturist (1922–33) y amigo íntimo de Franklin D. Roosevelt. En su calidad de secretario del tesoro en el… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Morgenthau, Henry, Jr. —  (1891–1967) American statesman, secretary of the treasury (1934–1945) …   Bryson’s dictionary for writers and editors

  • Henry Morgenthau, Jr. — Henry Morgenthau, Jr. 52nd United States Secretary of the Treasury In office January 1, 1934 – July 22, 1945 President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1934 1945) …   Wikipedia

  • Henry Morgenthau, Sr. — Henry Morgenthau 26th United States Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire In office 1913–1916 President Woodrow Wilson …   Wikipedia

  • Henry Morgenthau — junior [ˈmɔːrgənθɔː] (* 11. Mai 1891 in Poughkeepsie, New York; † 6. Februar 1967 in New York City) war ein US amerikanischer Politiker. Von 1934 bis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”